誠信
Be Sincere and Trustworthy
98.
天地有紀矣，不誠則不能化育；君臣有義矣，不誠則不能相臨；父子有禮矣，不誠則疏；夫婦有恩矣，不誠則離；交接有分矣，不誠則絕。以義應當，曲得其情，其唯誠乎。
（卷四十八 體論）
98.
Heaven and earth are bound within the natural order, but when actualities are absent they cannot transform and nourish all things. A leader and his subordinates are bound by a mutual commitment, but when sincerity is absent, they cannot work together in mutual admiration. Parents and children are bound by propriety, but when sincerity is absent, they become estranged from each other. Husband and wife are bonded in a relation of gratefulness, but when sincerity is absent, they will end up leaving each other. Friendship is founded on ties of affection, but whn sincerity is absent, all ties will be severed. Morality and ethics can help us to manage our tasks appropriately, but it is through sincerity that we can earnestly understand the needs of others as well as the truth of things.
Scroll 48: Ti Lun
【註釋】
①交接：交往、結交。
②應當：應事得當。
【白話】
天地是有綱紀的，不真誠就不能化育萬物；君臣之間是有道義的，不真誠就不能相處共事；父子之間是有禮節的，不真誠就會無禮而疏遠；夫婦之間是有恩義的，不真誠就會忘恩而離異；結交朋友是有情分的，不真誠就會無情而斷絕來往。以道義來處事、待人、接物都能應對恰當，微細地體察到對方的心意、需要，或是事物的真相，這唯有用真誠心才能做到啊！
99.
君子養心，莫善於誠。致誠無他，唯仁之守，唯義之行。誠心守仁則能化；誠心行義則能變。變化代興，謂之天德。
（卷三十八 孫卿子）
99.
In the cultivation of a good character, nothing can surpass the value of sincerity. Utmost sincerity can only be achieved through upholding benevolence and implementing righteousness. By being most sincere in upholding benevolence we can right ourselves and influence people to do the same. By being most sincere in implementing righteous deeds we can transform social customs from bad to good. Using benevolent and righteous values to educate people, the habits of self-correction and doing good deeds will eventually become an acceptable social norm. In this respect, the society will progress in line with the moral principles of heaven.
Scroll 38: Sun Qing Zi
【註釋】
①致誠：使誠心達到極點。
②代興：更迭興起或盛行。
【白話】
君子修養心性，沒有比真誠更好的了。要做到至誠，沒有其他方法，唯有信守仁德，實踐道義。以至誠心來守住仁德，就能教化百姓；以至誠心行使道義，就能改變風俗使民心向善。善良風俗代而興起，如此可說是與天同德。
100.
唯君子為能信，一不信則終身之行廢矣，故君子重之。
（卷五十 袁子正書）
100.
Only a superior person can be trusted to act in good faith. As soon as he loses his trustworthiness, everything he did in his life will be invalidated. Hence, a superior person takes his reputation for being honest very seriously.
Scroll 50: Yuan Zi Zheng Shu
【白話】
只有君子能堅守信義，因為一不守信義，那麼一生的作為都將被世人否定唾棄，所以君子非常看重信義。
101.
孔子曰：「欲人之信己，則微言而篤行之。篤行
之，則用日久；用日久，則事著明；事著明，則有目
者莫不見也，有耳者莫不聞也，其可誣乎？」
（卷四十六 中論）
101.
Confucius said: “If you want others to have confidence in you, you should speak little and carry out your words. Your actions will speak for themselves. After a period of time, the results become so evident that no one else could distort the truth from the eyes and ears of the public.”
Scroll 46: Zhong Lun
【註釋】
①篤行：切實履行、專心實行。篤，純一、專一。
【白話】
孔子說：「想讓別人信任自己，就應當少說而切實履行。真正落實去做，效果就能持久；成效日益長久，事理更能彰顯；理事都明白，那麼大家有目共睹，有耳皆聞，誰還能歪曲事實真相呢？」
102.
子夏曰：「君子信而後勞其民；未信則以為厲己也。厲，病。信而後諫；未信則以為謗己也。」
（卷九 論語）
102.
Zixia said: “When a superior person assumes the position of an official he must first earn the trust of the people before he gives orders to them. Otherwise, people will regard him as oppressive. When a superior person assumes the position of a subordinate he must first earn the trust of his superior before he offers any advice to the latter. Otherwise, the superior will take it as an insult.”
Scrol
l 9: Lun Yu
【註釋】①厲：虐害、欺壓。
【白話】
子夏說：「君子在位時，先要取得民眾的信賴，然後才能勞役民眾；如果未取得信賴，民眾會以為這是在虐待他們。君子若處於臣位時，應先取得君主的信任，然後才能規諫；如果未取得信任，君主會以為這是在毀謗他。」也就是說，君子使民、事君，都要以信任為基礎。
103.
君以信訓其臣，則臣以信忠其君；父以信誨其子，則子以信孝其父；夫以信先其婦，則婦以信順其夫。上秉常以化下，下服常而應上，其不化者，百未有一也。
（卷四十九 傅子）
103.
If a leader instructs his minister in good faith, the ministers will also serve him in good faith. If a father teaches his children in good faith, his children will also show filial obedience in good faith. If a husband honors his wife in good faith, the wife will also submit to him in good faith. The leaders who adhere to virtuous principles will gain the faithful submission of their subjects in return. With this, all can be educated and transformed without exception.
Scroll 49: Fu Zi
【註釋】
①秉常：執持常理。
【白話】
君主以誠信的言行態度來教導臣子，臣子就會以誠信忠於君主；父親用誠信的身教來教誨子女，子女就會用誠信孝順父親；丈夫用誠信來對待妻子，妻子就會用誠信順承丈夫。在上位者如果能依循倫常大道來教化下位者，下位者自然會服從常道而順應上位者，如此上行下效，還有不被教化的人，一百個裡面也找不到一個。
104.
色取仁而實違之者，謂之虛；不以誠待其臣，而望其臣以誠事己，謂之愚。虛愚之君，未有能得人之死力者也。故書稱君為元首，臣為股肱。期其一體相須而成也。
（卷四十八 體論）
104.
A ruler who pretends to be benevolent is a hypocrite, and he who expects the ministers to serve him earnestly while he treats them insincerely is ignorant. A hypocritical and ignorant leader will not attract ministers who will serve him with undying loyalty. Hence it was said in the book of Shang Shu: “A leader is analogous to the head of a man, and his ministers, the arms and the legs.” It is hoped that the leader and his ministers can work amicably as one body so that they will be able to govern the country properly.
Scroll 48: Ti Lun
【註釋】
①色：外表。
【白話】
表面上做出仁義而實際是違背的，叫做虛偽；不用真誠來對待自己的臣屬，卻希望臣屬真誠地事奉自己，叫做愚昧。虛偽愚昧的君主，不可能得到肯效死出力的臣屬。所以《尚書》說君主就像是人的頭部，臣屬就像是人的胳臂和大腿，這是希望君臣能成為一個整體，相互配合使國家大治。
105.
巧詐不如拙誠。
（卷四十 韓子）
105.
Simple honesty is better than subtle hypocrisy.
Scroll 40: Han Zi
【白話】
奸巧詭詐不如樸拙誠實。
106.
作德，心逸日休；作偽，心勞日拙。為德，直道而行，於心逸豫，而名日美。為偽，飾巧百端，於心勞苦，而事日拙，不可為之也。
（卷二 尚書）
106.
Practice virtue and you will calm the mind and become more restful day after day. Practice hypocrisy and you will wear out your mind only to worsen the situation day after day.
Scroll 2: Shang Shu
【註釋】
①休：喜慶、美善。
【白話】
積德行善的人，心定神閒而一天比一天更喜悅快樂；作假造惡的人，心思費盡卻一天比一天更窘迫困苦。
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