龍源-黃藥師的相機世界

法古

Learn from the Past

250.

學古入官，議事以制，政乃弗迷。_{言當先學古訓，然後入官治政，凡制事必以古義，議度終始，政乃不迷錯也。}
（卷二　尚書）

250.

Study the lessons passed down from the ancients and take heed of what makes a good government minister. Illconceived government actions are less likely to happen if a government can base its decision-making on ancient wisdom and advice.
Scroll 2: Shang Shu

【白話】

學習古訓才可以做官治理政務，根據古代的典章制度議論政事，政治就不會迷惑錯誤。

251.

前事之不忘，後事之師。是以君子為國，觀之上古，驗之當世，參以人事，察盛衰之理，審權勢之宜，去就有序，變化應時，故曠日長久，而社稷安矣。
（卷十一　史記上）

251.

Do not forget the experiences and lessons learned from the past for they shall serve as a reference for future undertakings. A ruler will study history and verify the lessons in human affairs within a contemporary context to understand the rise and decline of a nation. They will also contemplate the balance of power and its corresponding scenarios, orderly weighing which ones to reject and which ones to adopt. Based on these considerations they will develop appropriate policies that over time will bring lasting peace to the nation.
Scroll 11: Shi Ji, Vol. 1

【白話】

俗話說「過去的經驗教訓不忘記，就是以後做事的借鑒」。因此君子治理國家，考察於上古歷史，驗證以當代的情況，還要通過人事加以檢驗，從而了解興盛衰亡的規律，思考權衡與之相適應的形勢，或捨棄，或吸納，有條不紊，隨客觀形勢變化而制定相應策略，因此歷時長久而國家安定。

252.

武王問尚父曰：「五帝之戒可聞乎？」尚父曰：「黃帝之時戒曰，吾之居民上也，搖搖恐夕不至朝；堯之居民上，振振如臨深川；舜之居民上，兢兢如履薄冰；禹之居民上，慄慄恐不滿日；湯之居民上，戰戰恐不見旦。」王曰：「寡人今新并殷居民上，翼翼懼不敢怠。」
（卷三十一　陰謀）

252.

King Wu asked his strategist, Shang-fu: “Can you tell me how the five ancient emperors kept vigilant of themselves?” Shang-fu said: “Emperor Huang warned himself with this saying: ‘When I lead the people, I am worried and fearful as if night will not turn to morning.’ When Emperor Yao was leading his people, he was extremely apprehensive as if he was standing on the brink of a deep abyss. When Emperor Shun was leading his people, he was extremely cautious as if he was treading on thin ice. King Yu was extremely watchful as if he would not live through the day. King Tang would stay on guard as if he would not live to see tomorrow.” King Wu said: “Now that I am leading the newly conquered subjects of the Yin nation, I must rule cautiously and remain vigilant without the slightest negligence.”
Scroll 31: Yin Mou

【白話】

周武王問尚父：「古代帝王的自我警戒可以告訴我嗎？」尚父說：「黃帝時的警戒說，『我領導人民，憂慮不安，唯恐傍晚到不了明天早晨』；堯帝領導人民，戰戰兢兢好像走在很深的大川邊；舜帝領導人民，小心謹慎好像走在薄冰上；禹王領導人民，戰戰慄慄唯恐治理過不了今天；湯王領導人民，敬慎畏懼唯恐見不到天亮。」武王說：「我現在剛兼併了殷國，處於民眾之上，對他們恭敬謹慎，戒懼而不敢怠慢。」